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Word Roots

2 roots • 8 words

CEPT

Root Meaning:

CEPT comes from the Latin verb meaning “take, seize.” Capture, which is what a captor has done to a captive, has the same meaning. Captivate once meant literally “capture,” but now means only to capture mentally through charm or appeal.

Etymology:

Latin
4 words derived from this root

Words from this root:

reception

/rɪˈsep.ʃən/
Definition:
(1) The act of receiving. (2) A social gathering where guests are formally welcomed.
Explanation:
*Reception* is the noun form of *receive.* So at a formal reception, guests are received or welcomed or “taken in.” A bad TV reception means the signal isn't being received well. When a new novel receives good reviews, we say it has met with a good critical reception.

intercept

/ˌɪn.tərˈsept/
Definition:
To stop, seize, or interrupt (something or someone) before arrival.
Example:
The explosives had been intercepted by police just before being loaded onto the jet.
Explanation:
Since the prefix *inter* means “between”, it's not hard to see how *intercept* was created. Arms shipments coming to a country are sometimes intercepted, but such *interceptions* can sometimes be understood as acts of war. In football, soccer, and basketball, players try to intercept the ball as it's being passed by the other team.

perceptible

/pərˈsep.tə.bəl/
Definition:
Noticeable or able to be felt by the senses.
Example:
Her change in attitude toward him was barely perceptible, and he couldn't be sure he wasn't just imagining it.
Explanation:
*Perceptible* includes the prefix *per-,* meaning “through,” so the word refers to whatever can be taken in through the senses. A *perceptive* person picks up minor changes, small clues, or hints and shades of meaning that others can't *perceive*, so one person's *perception*—a tiny sound, a slight change in the weather, a different tone of voice—often won't be perceptible to another.

susceptible

/səˈsep.tə.bəl/
Definition:
(1) Open to some influence; responsive. (2) Able to be submitted to an action or process.
Explanation:
With its prefix *sus-,* “up,” *susceptible* refers to something or someone that “takes up” or absorbs like a sponge. A sickly child may be susceptible to colds, and an unlucky adult may be susceptible to back problems. A lonely elderly person may be susceptible to what a con man tells him or her on the phone.

FIN

Root Meaning:

FIN comes from the Latin word for “end” or “boundary.” Final describes last things, and a finale or a finish is an ending.

Etymology:

Latin
4 words derived from this root

Words from this root:

confine

/kənˈfaɪn/
Definition:
(1) To keep (someone or something) within limits. (2) To hold (someone) in a location.
Explanation:
*Confine* means basically to keep someone or something within borders. Someone confined to a bedroom or a wheelchair is too ill or disabled to be anywhere else. A person under “house arrest” is confined to his or her house by the government.

definitive

/dɪˈfɪn.ə.tɪv/
Definition:
(1) Authoritative and final. (2) Specifying perfectly or precisely.
Explanation:
Something definitive is complete and final. A definitive example is the perfect example. A definitive answer is usually a strong yes or no. A definitive biography contains everything we'll ever need to know about someone.

finite

/ˈfaɪ.naɪt/
Definition:
Having definite limits.
Example:
Her ambitions were infinite, but her wealth was finite.
Explanation:
It has come as a shock to many of us to realize that resources such as oil— and the atmosphere's ability to absorb greenhouse gases—are finite rather than unlimited.

infinitesimal

/ˌɪn.fɪ.nɪˈtes.ɪ.məl/
Definition:
Extremely or immeasurably small.
Example:
Looking more closely at the research data, he now saw an odd pattern of changes so infinitesimal that they hadn't been noticed before.
Explanation:
Just as *infinite* describes something immeasurable (“without limit”), *infinitesimal* describes something endlessly small. When Antonie van Leeuwenhoek invented the microscope in the 17th century, he was able to see organisms that had been thought too *infinitesimally* small to exist.

Audio Learning

Unit 2 - Split 2

Conversation Script

Follow along with Alex and Ben

Alex
Welcome back to Word Builders, the show that seizes on the meaning of words and takes you all the way to the end. I’m Alex.
Ben
And I’m Ben.
Alex
Ben, let me ask you a question. What do a wedding party, a spy movie, and a football game all have in common?
Ben
A wedding party, a spy movie, and a football game? They all have a lot of drama, I suppose. I’m stumped.
Alex
They all rely on our first root of the day: CEPT, from the Latin verb meaning “to take” or “to seize.” A wedding has a reception, a spy might intercept a message, and a player can make an interception.
Ben
Ah, I see! It’s all about taking or grabbing something. So what’s our second root? You mentioned going "all the way to the end."
Alex
That would be the Latin root FIN, which means “end” or “boundary.” So today, we’re talking about taking things in, and the limits where things stop.
Ben
Taking and ending. I'm ready. Let's start with CEPT.
Alex
Let’s do it. Our first word is the one from the wedding party: reception. R-E-C-E-P-T-I-O-N.
Ben
So a reception is more than just a party, then. It's the act of receiving something.
Alex
Exactly. At a wedding reception, guests are formally received or “taken in.” But you can also talk about a bad TV reception, where the signal isn't being received well. Or a new book can get a good critical reception, meaning critics “took to it” well.
Ben
So it’s about how something is taken in, whether it’s people, a signal, or an idea. That’s very broad.
Alex
It is. Now for that spy movie word: intercept. I-N-T-E-R-C-E-P-T.
Ben
To intercept is to stop something before it gets to its destination. The prefix "inter-" means "between," right?
Alex
You've got it. To intercept is to seize something "between" its starting point and its endpoint. For example, the explosives had been intercepted by police just before being loaded onto the jet.
Ben
And of course, in sports, players are always trying to intercept the ball. It’s a key defensive move.
Alex
It is. Our next word is a bit more subtle: perceptible. P-E-R-C-E-P-T-I-B-L-E.
Ben
Perceptible. If I perceive something, I notice it. So perceptible means noticeable?
Alex
That's it. It means noticeable or able to be felt by the senses—literally, able to be "taken in through" the senses, since the prefix *per-* means "through." You might say, her change in attitude toward him was barely perceptible.
Ben
So a tiny change might not be perceptible to me, but a more perceptive person might notice it.
Alex
An excellent use of the whole word family. One person's perception can be very different from another's.
Ben
Okay, what’s our last word for "taking"?
Alex
Our last one is susceptible. S-U-S-C-E-P-T-I-B-L-E.
Ben
Susceptible. I know this one. If you're susceptible to colds, you get them easily.
Alex
Correct. It means being open to some influence, or responsive. The root *sus-* means "up," so someone susceptible "takes up" an influence like a sponge absorbs water.
Ben
Is it always about something negative, like getting sick or being conned?
Alex
It often has that negative feel, but not always. The example sentence is positive: she impressed everyone with her intelligence, so they're now highly susceptible to her influence. It just means you’re open and responsive to something.
Ben
I see. We've talked all about taking things in. Now, what about where things stop?
Alex
An excellent transition. Let's move to our second root, FIN, the Latin word for “end” or “boundary.” This gives us obvious words like *final* and *finish*.
Ben
Our first word from this root is confine. C-O-N-F-I-N-E.
Alex
To confine something is to keep it within limits or boundaries. A sick person might be confined to their bed. Someone under house arrest is confined to their house.
Ben
So it’s about creating a border or an end point for their movement. The example here is about confining one's remarks.
Alex
Yes. He confined his remarks to a few hints that sales had slipped. He put a boundary on what he was willing to say.
Ben
Got it. What's next?
Alex
Definitive. D-E-F-I-N-I-T-I-V-E.
Ben
Definitive. That means final and authoritative, right? Like the definitive edition of a book.
Alex
Exactly. A definitive answer is a final one that ends the discussion. A definitive biography is one that is so complete, there's nothing more to add. As in, the team's research provided a definitive description of the virus. It was the final word on the subject.
Ben
Okay, so if definitive is about being final, what about our next word, finite? F-I-N-I-T-E.
Alex
Finite simply means having definite limits or an end. It's the opposite of infinite. A classic example is, her ambitions were infinite, but her wealth was finite.
Ben
This makes me think of all the talk about finite resources, like oil or water. It means there's a limit to them; they will run out.
Alex
That is the most important modern use of the word. It’s a crucial concept. Now for our last word, which looks like infinite but means something very different.
Ben
What is it?
Alex
The word is infinitesimal. I-N-F-I-N-I-T-E-S-I-M-A-L.
Ben
Infinitesimal. That's a mouthful. It sounds like it should mean infinitely large.
Alex
It's tricky, isn't it? It actually means the exact opposite: extremely or immeasurably small. It's a number or an amount that is endlessly approaching zero.
Ben
So, like a tiny, tiny speck of dust?
Alex
Even smaller. The material gives the great example of when the microscope was invented. Suddenly, scientists could see organisms that were thought to be infinitesimally small, so small that they couldn't exist.
Ben
Wow. So our minds can imagine the infinitely large and the infinitesimally small. That's pretty cool. Time for a final review?
Alex
Let’s do it. From the root CEPT, to take or seize.
Ben
We had reception, the act of receiving. Intercept, to seize something on its way. Perceptible, meaning noticeable. And susceptible, being open to an influence.
Alex
And from the root FIN, meaning end or boundary.
Ben
We learned confine, to keep within limits. Definitive, meaning final and authoritative. Finite, having limits. And infinitesimal, meaning immeasurably small.
Alex
From seizing an opportunity to the final word, these roots help us define our world.
Ben
Thanks for listening to Word Builders!
Alex
Join us next time.
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